Identifying Obsessive Compulsive Disorder in School-Aged Children Essay

Very few people fully understand the implications of obsessive compulsive disorder and social phobias, but experts lead the way in do sense of these disorders. There are so many ideas as to what causes these conditions, and ways to treat them. Another implication that a lot of people dont know or care to consider is whether or not these disorders are highly associated with violence. In the classroom setting, it is important to keep everyone safe. Students with such disorders may be at gamble of hurting themselves and others. It is crucial for professional educators to understand these disorders thoroughly and make sure there are no high risks for these students with high risk students it is important to understand how to handle specific behaviors and avoid harmful difficulties.Obsessive-compulsive disorder, or OCD, is defined as having unwanted ideas, feelings, thoughts, sensations, or behaviors that make them feel dictated to do something. Although, a lot of typi cal people have behaviors and or sensations out of the general norm OCD is only considered when these thoughts and/or behaviors are persistent and dart up a lot of time. When these thoughts consequently make no sense, be the cause of suffering, or interfere with a mortals life then it is considered severe OCD. For example, if an individual cannot leave their home, because they have to continuously recheck their stove, or even count everything in their home backwards and forwards. These are severe OCDs because this person cannot continue with their day without these behaviors. If this were a student, they may be sleepy before domesticate because they spent the night doing this, or they may never arrive to school because they keep doing the procedure incorre... ...ve Disorder. Education and Treatment of Children, 31, 3, 395-416.Lilienfeld, S. (2010). Fear Cant Live with It, Cant Live without It. Phi Kappa Phi Forum, 20, 16-20.McGough, J. L. (1993). Obsessive-compulsive disorder in childishness and adolescence. School Psychology Review, 22(2), 243.McLoone, J., Hudson, J., Rapee, R. (2006). Treating Anxiety Disorders in School Settings. Education and Treatment of Children, 29, 2, 221-233. Pence, S., Sulkowski, M., Jordan, C., Storch, E. (2010). When Exposures Go Wrong Trouble-Shooting Guidelines for Managing Difficult Scenarios that Arise in Exposure-Based Treatment for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 64, 1, 39-51.Walsh, J. (26 Nov. 2001). Shyness and Social Phobia Perspective on a Problem in Living. A Social Work Health & Social Work, 27, 2, 137-144.

A Rose for Emily By William Faulkner :: Free Essay Writer

After the Civil War, many Confederate soldiers returned home and founded nothing and many had no come to stay. Many people that matinee idol was punishing them for all the sins that they had done to the blacks. But many other southeastwarderners refuse to accept that they were defeated by the Union. Instead, they thought that God spared them for something more important. So, they thought of the war as a lost cause and they interpreted it as a stepping stone to the Souths salvation. This is the feeling in castissippi where " A Rose for Emily," takes place. In, " A Rose for Emily," Miss Emily portrays the Old South, not wanting to give up on the good old times. As the people of Jefferson portrays how the South wants to move on to bigger and better things. Miss Emily Grierson lives in the pasted, and she did not want ot change at all. As time and things change, Miss Emily stayed the same. She was so untold like the Old South that she had a black as a servant. Many people thought of her as," a tradition, a duty, and a care word form of hereditary obligation upon the town."(Faulkner 73) That is why she did not have to pay any taxes. The Mayor of Jefferson in 1894, Colonel Satoris declared that she did not have to pay taxes. But as time pass and new generations of mayors came they tried to maker pay her taxes. Miss Emily refuse, she says, "I have no taxes in Jefferson."(Faulkner 73) This how Miss Emily impersonate the Old South. She refuses to immobilize about the past as did the South and does not want to accept the fact that things are changing. After the defeat of the South in the Civil War, many people would not accept the changes that comes with defeat. Many people would fight to preserve as much of their past in the South as the victors of the North would allow. This is how Miss Emily felt when her father and Homer died. She did not want to accept the fact that her father was dead, and when the ladies tried to come to con dole her, she said " her father was not dead.

performing arts Essay -- essays research papers fc

What is Performance Art? How does it differ from Theater?      The term "Performance Art" st prowessed in the united States in the 60s. It was in the beginning used to describe any live graphicsistic event, which included poets, filmmakers, musicians, dancers, etc. Even though the de rule bookive word came about in the 1960s, there were earlier precedents for act art. The live performances of the Dadaist meshed poetry and visual arts. The German Bauhaus, founded in 1919, included theater workshops that explored the relationship between space, sound and light. take up influence alike came about later in the 50s on through the 60s with the Beatniks and the happenings that took place in the Lower East Village in NYC. in the beginning movements such as the Italian Futurists were also real involved in paving the way for what was to come in the 70s.      By 1970 the term, performance art was used globally and specifically coifd as l ive art, not theater. Even though theater and performance art often times make out the same(p) stage, in practice they are very incompatible. Performance art is not a form of representational art, rather a moment of acquiring multiple characters and creating a fusion between one and the next, but never allowing the true self to ever fully disappear. A performer of performance art is usually oneself both telling a story, a feeling, an opinion, whether it be through video, movement, music, television, poetry, sculpture, spoken dialogue or any mix of these. An actor usually is personifying someone else under very specific conditions. Performance art leaves more leeway for improvisational efforts to factor whether it is text based or strictly movement. The script is a protective cover paper still a certain aspect of structure, but does not hold an absolute strict compromise. No two performances are ever rightfully alike. A script for an actor is a bible it tells how and when an action will happen. All cues, lines and characterization get memorized and obsessively rehearsed so that every time performed an close identical performance is released. Rehearsals for performance artists are much more conceptual and often times will include researching, gathering props and costumes and having discussions with collaborators in their description time. Maybe this is so due to the little or no technical training that a ... ... culture and identity. It allows the artist to be an insider and outsider at the same time, crossing the perimeter of points of view at all times. It functions on different levels of societys social structure, sometimes right on par with original events and other times defying all common everyday needs and resistance.     Performance art fluctuates between boundaries of all art. Its conceptual territory lies within the contradiction, the ambiguity and the extreme, fashioning it difficult to define borders.    & nbsp Performance art is a means of art that cannot be bought or sold. It is a chance where all art forms converge in many different mixes, whether it be music, video, painting, poetry, movement, etc. In a postmodern society where all genres loose their limits and are hard to define, performance art has start an absolutely loanblend art form. Bibliography1. Fusco, Coco. English is Broken Here. New York The New Press, 1995.2. Goldberg, Roselee. Performance Art, From Futurism to the Present. Singapore C.S. Graphics, 2001.3. Acconci, Vito, Public Space in a Private cartridge clip, url www.kuntmuseum.ch.4. www.lipmagazine.com performing arts Essay -- essays research papers fc What is Performance Art? How does it differ from Theater?      The term "Performance Art" started in the United States in the 60s. It was originally used to describe any live artistic event, which included poets, filmmakers, musicians, dancers, etc. Even though th e descriptive word came about in the 1960s, there were earlier precedents for performance art. The live performances of the Dadaist meshed poetry and visual arts. The German Bauhaus, founded in 1919, included theater workshops that explored the relationship between space, sound and light. Direct influence also came about later in the 50s on through the 60s with the Beatniks and the happenings that took place in the Lower East Village in NYC. Earlier movements such as the Italian Futurists were also very involved in paving the way for what was to come in the 70s.      By 1970 the term, performance art was used globally and specifically defined as live art, not theater. Even though theater and performance art often times share the same stage, in practice they are very different. Performance art is not a form of representational art, rather a moment of acquiring multiple characters and creating a fusion between one and the next, but never allowing the true self to e ver fully disappear. A performer of performance art is usually oneself either telling a story, a feeling, an opinion, whether it be through video, movement, music, television, poetry, sculpture, spoken dialogue or any mix of these. An actor usually is personifying someone else under very specific conditions. Performance art leaves more leeway for improvisational efforts to factor whether it is text based or strictly movement. The script is a security paper reassuring a certain aspect of structure, but does not hold an absolute strict compromise. No two performances are ever really alike. A script for an actor is a bible it tells how and when an action will happen. All cues, lines and characterization get memorized and obsessively rehearsed so that every time performed an almost identical performance is released. Rehearsals for performance artists are much more conceptual and often times will include researching, gathering props and costumes and having discussions with collaborators in their rehearsal time. Maybe this is so due to the little or no technical training that a ... ... culture and identity. It allows the artist to be an insider and outsider at the same time, crossing the border of points of view at all times. It functions on different levels of societys social structure, sometimes right on par with current events and other times defying all common everyday needs and resistance.     Performance art fluctuates between boundaries of all art. Its conceptual territory lies within the contradiction, the ambiguity and the extreme, making it difficult to define borders.      Performance art is a means of art that cannot be bought or sold. It is a chance where all art forms converge in many different mixes, whether it be music, video, painting, poetry, movement, etc. In a postmodern society where all genres loose their limits and are hard to define, performance art has become an absolutely hybrid art form. Bibliograph y1. Fusco, Coco. English is Broken Here. New York The New Press, 1995.2. Goldberg, Roselee. Performance Art, From Futurism to the Present. Singapore C.S. Graphics, 2001.3. Acconci, Vito, Public Space in a Private Time, url www.kuntmuseum.ch.4. www.lipmagazine.com

king :: essays research papers

PatriotismPatriotism. The very sound of the word brings to my heart feelings of loyalty andpride. I feel loyalty for my solid ground and my countrys ideals, and I feel pride for thosebefore me who fought and sacrificed much for the freedom of my beloved country. I loveand honor my country. I feel a sense of duty to this country that has been my home sincemy birth. As I turn the pages of our countrys history, I am inspired by those who havespoken out and fought against those who have threatened our countrys security andideals. Our forefathers had dreams of a people with liberty and justice for all. They gaveall they had, every single ounce of strength, to make that dream a reality. They waged waragainst one of the most powerful empires of the quantify so that they could remain true totheir ideals. Martin Luther King Jr. was willing to lead a movement against segregationin our nation. He had the resolution to tell our nation that its policy of segregation waswrong. To me, that is true patriotism not only being willing to fight for our country butwilling to try to change it so that our ideals are preserved. I implore upon you, the youthof America, to fight to keep the flame of patriotism alive. We are the authors of ourcountrys future. We must dig dip inside ourselves and find the courage and determinationto dream of a greater and nobler country. We, as the future of this country, must dedicateourselves to this cause and stay true to the ideals of those before us. Patriotism is definedas a love for or a devotion to ones country. With the events that happened in America on

Mind Over Matter Essay -- essays research papers

Mind over Matter     Out of the myriad of religions that encompass the earth, one of theleast mum is Buddhism. In the pursuit of a higher plane of existence, aBuddhist monk will renounce his worldly secular life, instead embracing a lifeof meditation and study. trance attempting to achieve enlightenment, andtherefore nirvana, a Buddhist must first come to eradicate his sense of self,effectively destroying his ego. By doing this, "durkha," (pain and suffering), residuum and one stick out be at peace and harmony with the world and all who reside in it.A practice that helps monks achieve this enlightened situate is meditation. Byclearing the mind of mundane clutter and distractions, a monk can become in tunewith his inner being and body, which results in a greater understanding of thebarriers that need to collapse before nirvana can be achieved. This practice ofmeditation was the Buddhist practice that I participated in, with the intent ona greater under standing of what being a Buddhist means. This exercise taught methe inherent difficulty in calm airing the mind, along with the negative effects extracurricular influences like other people have on the practice.     The first place I attempted to meditate was extracurricular my dorm next to atree. This prove to be a comfortable place, yet full of distractions. I havemeditated before in my martial arts classes, yet it was difficult calming mymind. While concentrating on my breathing, I was easily distracted by outsideoccurrences such as leaves falling and people walking by. The more I attemptedto eject out the outside world, the more my mind focused on the little thingsaround me. I gained immediate appreciation of the Buddhist monks ability toshirk the outside world and focus on his inner self. When I had meditated beforein my dojo, it was as a group and in silence. This greatly helped the exerciseand I can see why this is the modus operandi at most temples.&n bsp    The second place I attempted to meditate was in the basement of ReidHall. I hoped that the familiar surroundings would calm the mind easier andallow me to concentrate on clearing my mind. While not an ideal setting, it wasbetter than outside. As I concentrated on my breathing and tangle myself unwind, Iwas able to tune into the sound... ...lp guide and direct the learningof the monks. They offer subtle forms of encouragement, often disguised inhardship, that aid the monks in their struggle toward understanding. This is aboon, allowing enlightenment to occur quicker than in the solitary meditation Iexperienced.     A Buddhist way of life is a lot harder than one may suspect, for whilethey are released from the worries of everyday life, the mental tasks assignedto them are far greater than worrying about what to cook for dinner tonight or paying ones electricity bill. Furthermore, a Buddhist lifestyle is not veryconducive to an American li festyle. I give a lot of credit to the founders ofthe Zen mint Center in San Francisco, creating a microcosm which can supportthe solitude necessary for personal growth is a daunting task. From my limitedventure into the life of a Buddhist, I learned that controlling ones mind andthen harnessing this power to delve out truths and desires from oneself is afeat almost inconceivable by the normal mind. Those who pass this task aretruly Buddhas, masters of the world and therefore outside the grasp of time,free at last.

Mind Over Matter Essay -- essays research papers

Mind over Matter     Out of the myriad of religions that encompass the earth, one of theleast understood is Buddhism. In the pursuit of a higher(prenominal) plane of existence, aBuddhist monk will renounce his worldly secular life, instead embracing a lifeof meditation and study. While attempting to master enlightenment, andtherefore nirvana, a Buddhist must first come to eradicate his sense of self,effectively destroying his ego. By doing this, "durkha," (pain and suffering),end and one arsehole be at peace and harmony with the world and all who reside in it.A practice that helps monks achieve this enlightened state is meditation. Byclearing the bear in fountainhead of routine clutter and distractions, a monk can become in tunewith his inside(a) creation and body, which results in a greater understanding of thebarriers that need to hand before nirvana can be achieved. This practice ofmeditation was the Buddhist practice that I participated in, w ith the intent ona greater understanding of what being a Buddhist means. This exercise taught methe inherent difficulty in calming the mind, along with the negative effectsoutside influences like other people behave on the practice.     The first place I attempted to meditate was outside my dorm next to atree. This proved to be a comfortable place, nonetheless full of distractions. I havemeditated before in my martial arts classes, yet it was difficult calming mymind. While concentrating on my breathing, I was easily distracted by outsideoccurrences such as leaves falling and people walking by. The more I attemptedto shut out the outside world, the more my mind focused on the little thingsaround me. I gained immediate appreciation of the Buddhist monks ability toshirk the outside world and focus on his inner self. When I had meditated beforein my dojo, it was as a group and in silence. This greatly helped the exerciseand I can see why this is the modus operandi at most(prenominal) temples.     The second place I attempted to meditate was in the basement of ReidHall. I hoped that the familiar surroundings would calm the mind easier andallow me to concentrate on clearing my mind. While not an ideal setting, it wasbetter than outside. As I concentrated on my breathing and felt myself unwind, Iwas able to tune into the sound... ...lp claim and direct the learningof the monks. They offer subtle forms of encouragement, often disguised inhardship, that aid the monks in their struggle toward understanding. This is aboon, allowing enlightenment to occur quicker than in the solitary meditation Iexperienced.     A Buddhist way of life is a lot harder than one may suspect, for whilethey are released from the worries of everyday life, the rational tasks assignedto them are far greater than worrying about what to cook for dinner tonight orpaying ones electricity bill. Furthermore, a Buddhist lifestyle is not veryconducive to an American lifestyle. I give a lot of credit to the founders ofthe Zen Mountain Center in San Francisco, creating a microcosm which can supportthe solitude necessary for personal growth is a daunting task. From my limitedventure into the life of a Buddhist, I learned that controlling ones mind andthen harnessing this power to delve out truths and desires from oneself is afeat almost inconceivable by the normal mind. Those who accomplish this task aretruly Buddhas, masters of the world and therefore outside the grasp of time,free at last.

Unit Assessment

Human Resources Coordinator Supports the efficient operations of the Human Resources Department by coordinating and delivering a diverse range of Human Resources Management activities with a focus on recruitment, on-boarding & induction training, Human Resources system administration, system of rules development and information management. Business Plans To work closely with Government, health practitioners, researchers, cancer advocacy groups, charities and cancers sufferers to sustain eradicate cancer.Business Goals To eradicate cancer by reducing smoking prevalence. Ever exposure to ultraviolet light by behavior modification, create healthy environments therefrom having healthier lifestyles for patients, increasing cancer survival rates by encouraging screening participation, improving earlier detection, reducing cancer outcome variations, reducing the crack between outcomes and the cargon patients receive by defining key areas, Improve models of service delivery, embedding he alth services research In cancer care and arrange policies & procedures to support them.Policies & Procedures Government Information (Public Access) Act 2009, Annual Reports & Cancer Plans, NEWS Cancer Plan 2011-2015, Conflict of Interest, Corporate Credit Card, Corporate Governance Statement, selective information Governance, Employee Code of leave & Ethics, Fraud & Corruption Control Strategy, Information Technology Third Party Service Management, Public Interest Disclosures Policy, Receiving gifts & benefits, Records Management, Reporting Corrupt Conduct to IAC, Responding to Requests for Information & Advice, Smoke Free Workplace and Sponsorship. ) Goals Coordinate the on-boarding of new staff Coordinate the separation of exiting staff Coordinate Performance Development Process (PDP) one shot milestones Coordinate organization wide training initiatives Coordinate organization wide reward and recognition programs The Human Resources (HRS) Coordinators role is to ensure the ab ove goals are met by working independently as well as working closely with HRS Management. By gathering the required Information, the HRS Coordinator must take it and use It accordingly to the organizations polices and procedures.The HRS police squad can only function correctly if everyone plays their part. The HRS Coordinators primary role is to coordinate to reduce plans for the organization in order for the organization to follow them in accord with policy and procedure. 3) catch some Zs On-boarding Staff Produce letters of employment offer, develop starter kits for new staff and organize enrolment into HRS Learning Systems for new staff. KIP Separation of Exiting Staff Conducting exit interviews, produce separation checklists, closure of employee profiles and removal of employee from HRS Systems.KIP PDP Cycle Milestones Develop documentation & follow-up to ensure milestones are completed in accordance with organizational requirements and generate a rarity of performance o utcome reports. KIP Organization Wide Training Initiatives Organize invitations to get people tangled in training, keep a formal attendance record, organize qualified facilitators to train students, keep & maintain training calendar for important training dates (assessments) and restrain venues for training to be held.KIP Coordinate Organization Wide Reward & Recognition Programs Be in charge of the organizing and running of the Purple Jersey Program, distribution of celluloid & lunch vouchers and developing 5 year service awards by keeping track of employee attendance. The above Kepis will be used to measure goal-related performance by how well each task is performed. Every goal that each employee completes makes up the organizations overall performance outcome. Every task has its own set of conditions and difficulties.These conditions and difficulties can metamorphose from minimal to maximum depending on what the task is and how the task is handled. By using the urgent-impor tant matrix, we can eliminate the most important tasks first and work on the little tasks at a later time that way the sit of tasks does not seem as bad as originally planned as they are broken up into more manageable tasks. By using the matrix, it can eliminate the stresses of having so much on ones plate to do.It will make it easier to notion at each task and say It is manageable or l can achieve this instead of lacking the confidence to do so. 4) Coordinate organization wide training initiatives Coordinate PDP Cycle Milestones Coordinate separation of exiting staff Coordinate organization wide reward and recognition programs The two goals that I opt to develop work plans for are I chose these two goals as I believe they are the most important tasks to manage for the organization would be outlet nowhere. Putting on new staff replaces those that exit the organization.I will maintain a healthy work-life balance by finding my best two hours of the sidereal day to strongly strive awards getting my urgent-important tasks done. I also truly believe that work stays at work and stem stays within home boundaries do not mix the two together as it can cause problems in either area. My stress levels can be managed by gummy to my work plan of doing the urgent-important tasks first to eliminate worrying about trying to do several tasks at once. I can maintain my health by taking regular breaks away from the computer screen as it is unhealthy to be sitting staring at a computer the brief go from my desk to the staff room and back.

Media Supporting Information Technology

? ROLE OF MEDIA TO PROMOTE instruction TECHNOLOGY ROLE OF MEDIA TO PROMOTE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY SUBMITTED TO Ms. Tazeen Erum, expertness Business Communication Institute of Business focusing SUBMITTED BY Hozefa Rasool, (MBA-IM) Ather Khan, (MBA-IM) September 02, 2007 TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Introduction A. Introduction to tuition Technology 1. Application of Information Technology. B. Historical Background. 1. Pre- mechanised Age 2. Mechanical Age 3. Electro Mechanical Age. 4. electronics Age. C. Introduction to Media 1. Forms & Applications of MediaII. Media Promoting Information Technology A. Broadcasting Revolution B. Printing as Stronger Media C. practical(prenominal) University D. Efficient Media Reporting E. Electronic new-fashionedspaper III. Analysis of Infra-Structure IV. References September 02, 2007 Ms. Tazeen Erum, Faculty Business Communication Institute of Business charge Korangi Creek Karachi. Dear Ms. Erum Here is the track on Role of Media to Promote IT, which you assigned us on August 5, 2007 at Iobm. I look forward to you find our effort according to your requirments and expectations.The contents of this report prove that Media has been major player in the promotion of IT. The report is based on our observations, technical know how and various sources which drive home been mentioned at the end of this report. Humanity has progressed from agricultural revolution to the industrial revolution and is now abject to an cultivation revolution, where knowledge is the prime resource for production of goods and services. further as machines have extended mans mechanical power and his convenience and comfort. The art of printing was the firstly-class honours degree big break- by dint of in Information Technology.It enabled literacy and reproduction to go up from 10% to over 80% within 50 years by making available vast amount of knowledge material. That reading also led to the Reformation in Europe. Other break-through for Information Te chnology were the inventions like telegraphy, telephony, wireless or radio, television, distributeing, computers (from populate size to desk screen to lap top to palm top and very soon, wearable ones. ) Information Technology as comm scarce picturised by computers, is extending mans mind or brain or intellectual power.Information Technology thingmabobs like microprocessors ar becoming mass appliances from pace makers for the heart, hearing aids, and efficiency enhancers in automobile engines and devices to twist blank space vehicles on the moon. The computing power in the few micro processors that are now in a Ford Motor Car is often much(prenominal) than all the computing power that was put in the space vehicle that landed the first men on the moon and brought them back. I hope the report allow for be self explanatory, if not or you have any ambiguity, please contact us emailprotected om Since desire Hozefa Rasool Ather Khan INTRODUCTION TO INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Informa tion applied science (IT), as defined by the Information Technology Association of America (ITAA), is the study, design, development, implementation, support or man geezerhoodment of computer-based reading systems, in particular software maskings and computer hardware. In short, IT deals with the use of electronic computers and computer software to convert, store, protect, process, transmit and retrieve information, securely.Recently it has become popular to broaden the term to explicitly include the field of electronic conference so that people tend to use the abbreviation ICT (Information and Communications Today, the term information technology has ballooned to encompass many an(prenominal) aspects of computing and technology, and the term is more recognizable than ever before. The information technology umbrella can be quite large, covering many fields. IT professionals perform a variety of duties that range from installing applications to designing interlocking computer ne dickensrks and information databases.A few of the duties that IT professionals perform may include Data management data processor ne dickensrking calculator engineering Database systems design Software design Management information systems Systems management or System administration The use of information technology is exquisite a still wider part of human life, linking areas of human life and making different media and technologies converge and dissolve into new ones, broadening the scope of interest for ISD question accordingly.Various academic disciplines deal with issues related to the use and development of information technology information systems research, human-computer interaction, computer supported collaborative work, theoretical computer apprehension etc. As these disciplines are getting more and more intertwined and interdependent the need for an integrating conceptual basis is becoming urgent. The hypothesis behind the nonplus collection of papers is that ac tivity theory is such a suitable theoretical basis. Ultimately, information technology is about some familiar ideas Improved advance to informationIncreased staff productivity Lower operations costs APPLICATIONS OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Because new technologies such as personal computers are complex and an element of uncertainty exists in the minds of decision makers with respect to the successful adoption of them, people form attitudes and intentions toward trying to learn to use the new technology front to initiating efforts directed at using. Attitudes towards usage and intentions to use may be ill-formed or lacking in conviction or else may occur only after preliminary strivings to learn to use the technology evolve.Thus, actual usage may not be a direct or immediate consequent of such attitudes and intentions. (Bagozzi et al. 1992) PC Revolution is now well into its third decade and the continuing improvements in the user friendliness of PCs and Macs, printers and scanners, and software and the Internet has been enormous. The major application areas of Information Technology are briefly described. Data Management Data management comprises all the disciplines related to managing data as a valuable resource.The decreed definition provided by DAMA is that Data Resource Management is the development and execution of architectures, policies, practices and procedures that properly manage the full data lifecycle needs of an enterprise. This definition is somewhat broad and encompasses a number of professions which may not have direct technical contact with lower-level aspects of data management, such as relational database management. Computer Networking Computer interlockinging is the engineering discipline concerned with communication between computer systems or devices.Communicating computer systems constitute a computer network and these networks generally choose at least two devices capable of universe networked with at least one usually being a c omputer. The devices can be separated by a few meters (e. g. via Bluetooth) or nearly unlimited distances (e. g. via the Internet). Computer networking is sometimes considered a sub-discipline of telecommunication, and sometimes of computer science, information technology and computer engineering. Computer networks rely heavily upon the theoretical and practical application of these scientific and engineering disciplines.Examples of networks are the Internet, or a small home local area network (LAN) with two computers connected with standard networking cables connecting to a network interface card in each computer. Data Base Management System The Data Base Management System accepts requests for data from the application program and instructs the operating system to transfer the appropriate data. When a DBMS is used, information systems can be changed much more easily as the organizations information requirements change. New categories of data can be added to the database without dis ruption to the existing system.Organizations may use one kind of DBMS for nonchalant transaction processing and then move the detail onto another computer that uses another DBMS better suited for random inquiries and analysis. Overall systems design decisions are performed by data administrators and systems analysts. Detailed database design is performed by database administrators. Computer Software Computer Software of programs, enables a computer to perform specific tasks, as contradictory to its physical components (hardware) which can only do the tasks they are mechanically designed for.The term includes application software such as word processors which perform oil-bearing tasks for users, system software such as operating systems, which interface with hardware to run the necessary services for user-interfaces and applications, and middleware which controls and co-ordinates distributed systems. Management Information System Management Information Systems (MIS) is a general n ame for the academic discipline covering the application of people, technologies, and procedures. Collectively called information systems, to solve business problems.MIS are distinct from regular information systems in that they are used to analyze other information systems applied in operational activities in the organization. Academically, the term is commonly used to refer to the classify of information management methods tied to the automation or support of human decision making, e. g. Decision Support Systems, Expert systems, and Executive information systems. Computer Simmulation A computer simulation, a computer model or a computational model is a computer program that attempts to simulate an abstract model of a particular system.Computer simulations have become a useful part of mathematical modelling of many natural systems in physics, chemistry and biology, human systems in economics, psychology, and social science and in the process of engineering new technology, to gain insight into the operation of those systems. Traditionally, the formal modeling of systems has been via a mathematical model, which attempts to find uninflected solutions to problems which enables the prediction of the behaviour of the system from a set of parameters and initial conditions.Computer simulations build on, and are a useful adjunct to purely mathematical models in science, technology and entertainment. HISTORY OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY History of Information Technology is Characterized by a principal technology used to solve the input, processing, output and communication problems of the time 1. Pre-mechanical 2. Mechanical 3. electromechanical and 4. Electronic THE PRE-MECHANICAL AGE 3000 B. C. 1450 A. D. A. Writing and Alphabetscommunication. 1. initial humans communicated only through speaking and picture drawings. 2. 3000 B. C. the Sumerians in Mesopotamia (what is forthwith grey Iraq) devised uniform 3. Around 2000 B. C. , Phoenicians created symbols 4. The G reeks later adopted the Phoenician alphabet and added vowels the Romans gave the letters Latin names to create the alphabet we use today. B. Paper and Pensinput technologies. 1. Sumerians input technology was a stylus that could scratch marks in wet clay. 2. About 2600 B. C. , the Egyptians write on the papyrus plant 3. Around 100 A. D. , the Chinese made paper from rags, on which modern-day papermaking is based. C. Books and Libraries Permanent Storage Devices. . Religious leaders in Mesopotamia kept the earliest books 2. The Egyptians kept scrolls 3. Around 600 B. C. , the Greeks began to fold sheets of papyrus vertically into leaves and bind them together. D. The First Numbering Systems. 1. Egyptian system The numbers 1-9 as vertical lines, the number 10 as a U or circle, the number 100 as a coiled rope, and the number 1,000 as a lotus blossom. 2. The first numbering systems similar to those in use today were invented between 100 and 200 A. D. by Hindus in India who created a ni ne-digit numbering system. 3. Around 875 A. D. the concept of zero was developed. THE MECHANICAL AGE 1450 1840 A. The First Information Explosion. 1. Johann Gutenberg (Mainz, Germany), invented the moveable metal-type printing process in 1450. 2. The development of book indexes and the widespread use of page numbers. B. The first general purpose computers 1. Actually people who held the job human action computer one who works with numbers. A. Slide Rules, the Pascaline and Leibnizs Machine. 1. Slide Rule. Early 1600s, William Oughtred, an English clergyman, invented the slide rule Early example of an analog computer. . The Pascaline. Invented by Blaise Pascal (1623-62). The Electromechanical Age 1840 1940 The discovery of ways to harness electricity was the key advance made during this period. Knowledge and information could now be converted into electrical impulses. A. The Beginnings of Telecommunication. 1. galvanizing Battery late 18th century. 2. Telegraph Early 1800s. 3. Telephone and Radio Alexander Graham Bell. 1876 4. Followed by the discovery that electrical waves travel through space and can produce an effect far from the organize at which they originated. 5.These two events led to the invention of the radio Guglielmo Marconi. 1894 B. Electromechanical Computing 1. Herman Hollerith and IBM. 2. The International Business Machines federation (IBM). 3. Paper tape stored data and program instructions. THE ELECTRONIC AGE 1940 PRESENT. A. First Tries Early 1940s, Electronic vacuum tubes. B. Eckert and Mauchly. 1. The First High-Speed, General-Purpose Computer Using emptiness Tubes Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC) The ENIAC team (Feb 14, 1946). Left to right J. Presper Eckert, Jr. John Grist Brainerd Sam Feltman Herman H.Goldstine John W. Mauchly Harold Pender Major General G. L. Barnes Colonel Paul N. Gillon. 2. The First Stored-Program Computer The Manchester University Mark I (prototype). 3. The First General-Purpose Comput er for Commercial Use Universal Automatic Computer. B. The Four Generations of Digital Computing. I. The Second Generation (1959-1963). 1. vanity tubes replaced by transistors as main logic element. ATs Bell Laboratories, in the 1940s Crystalline mineral materials called semiconductors could be used in the design of a device called a transistor 2.Magnetic tape and disks began to replace punched cards as external storage devices. 3. Magnetic cores (very small donut-shaped magnets that could be polarized in one of two directions to represent data) strung on wire within the computer became the primary internal storage technology. II. The Third Generation (1964-1979) Advanced programming dictions like prefatory developed. III. The Fourth Generation (1979- Present). INTRODUCTION TO MEDIA Materials that holds and transmit data in any form including Newspapers, Multimedia Presentations, Disk Drives, Optical disks, Magnetic Tape, Cable and many more. In other definition Media is defined as, Messages that are distributed through the technologies, principally text in books, study guides and computer networks sound in audio-tapes and deal out pictures in video-tapes and broadcast text, sound and/or pictures in a teleconference are termed under Media. There are three main types of media Print Electronic Published FORMS & APPLICATIONS OF MEDIA journalism Journalism is a discipline of collecting, analyzing, verifying, and presenting information regarding current events, trends, issues and people. Those who practice journalism are cognize as journalists.News-oriented journalism is sometimes described as the first rough draft of history (attributed to Phil Graham), because journalists often record important events, producing intelligence agency articles on short utterlines. While under pressure to be first with their stories, news media organizations usually edit and proofread their reports prior to worldation, adhering to each organizations standards of accuracy, qu ality and style. Many news organizations claim proud traditions of holding establishment officials and institutions accountable to the public, while media critics have raised questions about holding the press itself accountable.Broadcasting Broadcasting is the distribution of audio or video signals to a number of recipients (listeners or viewers) that plump to a large group. This group may be the public in general, or a relatively large audience within the public. Thus, an Internet head may distribute text or music worldwide, while a public address system in for example, a workplace may broadcast very limited ad hoc SoundBits to a small population within its range. The sequencing of content in a broadcast is called a schedule. InternetThe Internet (also kn own simply as the Net or the Web) can be briefly understood as a network of networks. Specifically, it is the worldwide, publicly accessible network of interconnected computer networks that transmit data by packet switching usi ng the standard Internet Protocol (IP). It consists of millions of smaller domestic, academic, business, and governmental networks, which together function various information and services, such as electronic mail, online chat, file transfer, and the interlinked Web pages and other documents of the World Wide Web. AdvertisingAdvertising is paid, one-way communication through a medium in which the sponsor is identified and the message is controlled. Variations include publicity, public relations, product placement, sponsorship, underwriting, and sales promotion. Every major medium is used to hark back these messages, including television, radio, movies, magazines, newspapers, the Internet and billboards. Advertisements can also be seen on the seats of grocery carts, on the walls of an airport walkway, on the sides of buses, heard in telephone hold messages and in-store public address systems.Advertisements are usually placed anywhere an audience can easily and/or frequently access visuals and/or audio. MEDIA PROMOTING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Just as chemical or metallurgical or electrical technologies enable the processing of raw materials into usable goods, to satisfy mans and societies needs so does information technology help the storage, processing, transmission and exploitation of information to satisfy a persons, companys, societys or governments needs for information. The invention of printing was the first big break-through in Information Technology.It enabled literacy and education to go up from 10% to over 80% within 50 years by making available vast amount of reading material. That reading also led to the Reformation in Europe. Other break-through for Information Technology were the inventions like telegraphy, telephony, wireless or radio, television, broadcasting, computers (from room size to desk top to lap top to palm top) BROADCASTING REVOLUTION Digital audio and digital video have revolutionized broadcast engineering in many respects.Broadcast studios and control retinue are now already digital in large part, using non-linear editing and digital signal processing for what used to take a bully deal of time or money, if it was even possible at all. Mixing consoles for both audio and video are continuing to become more digital in the 21st Century, as is the computer storage used to keep digital media libraries. Effects processing and TV graphics can now be done much more easily and professionally as well. Other devices used in broadcast engineering are telephone hybrids, broadcast delays, and dead air alarms.See the glossary of broadcast engineering terms for further explanations. PRINTING AS STRONGER MEDIA Within fifty or sixty years of the invention of the printing press, the entire classical canon had been reprinted and widely promulgated throughout Europe. Now that more people had access to knowledge both new and old, more people could discuss these works. Furthermore, now that book production was a more commercial ent erprise, the first copyright laws were passed to protect what we now would call intellectual piazza rights.A second outgrowth of this popularization of knowledge was the decline of Latin as the language of most published works, to be replaced by the vernacular language of each area, increasing the variety of published works. Paradoxically, the printing word also helped to unify and standardize the spelling and syntax of these vernaculars, in effect decreasing their variability. This rise in importance of national languages as opposed to pan-European Latin is cited as one of the causes of the rise of nationalism in Europe. VIRTUAL UNIVERSITYThe Virtual University is based completely on modern Information and Communication Technologies. It provides extremely affordable world class education to aspiring students all over the country. Using free-to-air satellite television broadcasts and the Internet, the Virtual University allows students to follow its rigorous programs regardless of their physical locations. It thus aims at alleviating the lack of capacity in the existing universities while simultaneously tackling the acute shortage of capable professors in the country.By identifying thetop Professors of the country, regardless of their institutional affiliations, and requesting them to develop and deliver hand-crafted courses, the Virtual University aims at providing the very best courses to not only its own students but also to students of all universities worldwide. EFFICIENT MEDIA REPORTING As newspapers, magazines, trade publications and newsletters creep on to the Web this swells the demand for reporters, who can keystroke simple sentences and strings of numbers. New media positions do not increase the job market for journalists.For this purpose, reporting is defined as nuts-and-bolts, no-nonsense information-gathering and packaging. Reporting wants just the facts. Journalism entails investigation, explanation and a point of view. Journalists are story-t ellers, fascinated with the human experience, alert to the drama of conflict and struggle, infinitely curious about the motives and meanings behind events. Reporters use nouns and verbs as blunt utilitarian instruments. Journalists rape in figures of speech they use words as symbols, to evoke empathy, indignation, pity or anger.Most of what appears in Star or the National Enquirer is journalism, albeit of a very ripe kind. Most of Investors Business Daily is reporting. ELECTRONIC NEWSPAPER In the late 1990s newspapers began offering their content on the Internet in record numbers. By the end of the decade, more than 1,000 North American newspapers offered online versions, most available to Internet users free of charge. Electronic newspapers spared publishers one of their highest expensesnewsprintand many brought publishers supererogatory advertising revenue.Today Newspapers on the web offers readers the same content as its print publication as well as stories and features availab le only in its online version. ANALYSIS OF INFRA-STRUCTURE The government firmly believes in bringing the Pakistani media at par with the international standards and a total of 52 media development projects are being launched in the year 2007-08 with record allocation of six billion rupees, according to Federal Minister for Information and Broadcasting Muhammad Ali Durrani.Rs. 148. 039 million has been earmarked for the media development projects in NWFP, which demonstrates the governments firm resolves to take all the federating units along in the development process. The Laram Top RBS has been established at the cost of Rs. 27. 97 million and is designed to cause around 450,000 people, while the RBS at Bajaur Agency, established with the total cost of 34. 733 million, is expected to cover 75,000 households, he said.The projects will not only carry the benefits of the modern age to distant regions of the country but will also bring affordable entertainment at the doorsteps for the common public. Islamabad Media University will be launched in the national capital within next two months at a cost of Rs. 500 million, followed by setting up of its provincial campuses, including the Peshawar campus, in the second phase. Media University will not only offer specialized courses in media and journalism but will also initiate various research projects on media related issues. Rs. 35. 55 million will be spent to ensure full FM Radio coverage on Motorways sections M-1 which links Peshawar with Islamabad, and M-2, connecting Islamabad to Lahore. FM facility on the motorways will not only make the 500 KM-long journey from Peshawar to Lahore informative and pleasant but will also provide better opportunities to the media sector to reach out itself in those gaps which are desperately needed to be filled in. Besides this, up-linking stations will also be established in Islamabad as well as in all the provincial capitals, including Peshawar, which will cost around 49. 81 m illion rupees. These up-linking facilities would provide efficient and high quality information flow between the network and the subscriber. Snap-shot of Current Pakistan IT and Communication are stated below TV sets70 million Cable Connections 35 million Daily/ fortnightly Papers 1500 Telephone Connections 65 million Mobile Connections 95 million Internet Connections 1 million References Internews Asia Pacific www. internews. org/regions/asia/default. shtm The Media Handbook by Hellen E Katz, 2003Pakistan Electronic Media Regulatory Authority www. pemra. gov. pk Pakistan Telecommunication Authority www. pta. gov. pk Statistics Bureau of Pakistan www. statpak. gov. pk Media Technology and everyday life in Europe Roger Silverstone, 2005. World Bank www. worldbank. org Wikipedia Encyclopedia www. wikipedia. com University of Alabama, Dept. of Telecom and motion picture http//www. tcf. ua. edu/AZ/ITHistoryOutline. htm. University of Arhus, Dept. of Computer Science denmarkhttp//www. c s. aau. dk/SJIS/journal/volumes/volume12/articles/01-intro_p3-14. pdf.

Impression Formation Study

Abstract This report is based on impression spurtation. A study was conducted to see if the order of breeding presented about a mantic person to a participant has an effect on their impression final beginning impression of that person.Participants from London Metropolitan University (80 participants) were put into two groups, in which they were asked to rate their impression of a hypothetical person with a list of given adjectives ( compulsive and negative), basic they ar given run-in that describe this hypothetical person, the describing delivery were identical, just presented in different orders, depending on which one (of the two) groups the participant was placed in. It was found that a more(prenominal) constructive opinion was described for the hypothetical person in which the participants heard positive to negative adjectives compared to that of the negative to positive adjectives.Intro A topic that has been explored in psychology is how flock come up with first impr essions, and what information is important to help form impressions. The question asked here was simply how do people form impressions of theirs based on limited information. The founder of research into this field was Asch (1946), who was worried about the principles behind forming impressions. Asch (1946) conducted a study where, he had two groups, in which both(prenominal) were given lists of words in different orders according to which group the participants were assigned to.Asch found that the group given the positive words followed by the negative words developed a more positive first impression than the group who original the words negative words then given the positive words. He concluded that the first words are the words that are most important and are the peculiaritys that are remembered this is called the primacy effect. However other research shows that the primacy effect isnt always the one remembered, and the most recent (recency effect) adjectives may be the adjec tives that influence the participant.This may happen in situations where the participant has been given too much information or they are tired and lack motivation and if these factors are not present, the more common effect is the primacy effect. It was concluded that the primacy effect is the main view to how people form impressions and it was stated that the first adjectives used are the most important and discombobulate a lot more influences then the later adjectives. The aim of this prove is to build on the findings of Aschs configural model and this study aims to replicate the results achieved by Asch.This study will employ the same design, two groups under different conditions. The lists of words are as follows, positive negative intelligent, industrious, impulsive, critical, stubborn, and envious. Negative positive envious, stubborn, critical, impulsive, industrious and intelligent. Thereafter the participants were asked to describe the hypothetical person with a set of a djectives (positive and negative, and asked to apply these to the hypothetical person (generous-mean, sociable-unsociable, reliable-unreliable, polite-rude, pleasant-unpleasant).From these it was worked out whether the impression was more positive or negative. There are different sorts of hypothesis which could have been explored. It has been decided that hypothesis will be directional, casual hypothesis. The hypothesis of the experiment is that, Participants who are given traits, positive negative will have a more positive view of the hypothetical person. Which elbow room that the participants given trait negative positive traits will have a more negative view to that hypothetical person. Method ParticipantsThe amount of participants used was a figure of 80 participants, this was divided into two groups of 40, one group which would receive the traits negative positive and the other to receive positive to negative. The participants were students at London metropolitan university , which consisted of an age range 17 to 44 years, Mean = 21. 35, Standard Deviation = 4. 67. There were 56 females and 24 males. The participants were treated in accordance to the ethical principles of the bps and gave consent and were told they could withdraw at any point.Materials and/or Apparatus The materials used in this experiment included a computer, the size of the screen was 17 inches, where trait lists were used, and the trait list for the positive negative group goes as follows intelligent, industrious, impulsive, critical, stubborn, and envious. The other group received the exact same words, just backwards which goes as follows envious, stubborn, critical, impulsive, industrious, and intelligent. The words were viewed on a white back ground with a font size on 28 and font type of Calibri.The other apparatus tough included an online questionnaire. Procedure The participants were told they would be shown a screen of words, and were told that after viewing the words they should form an impression of a hypothetical person and will have to answer an online questionnaire which according to the hypothesis should help us gain results which will contribute to research towards primacy effect. The participants were shown their respective trait lists, depending on the group they were assigned to. to each one word was shown for 3 seconds with an interval of 1. seconds between trait adjectives, after being shown the words the participants were asked to complete an online questionnaire which consisted of 6 questions. To test the hypothesis, we must calculate the mean ready and standard deviation for all participants in both groups. Starting with the positive negative and ending with the negative to positive group. Results The results of the experiments are as follows the group that received the positive to negative traits, mean average was M=3. 4 and the standard deviation SD= 0. 84.The results for the group which received the trait adjectives from negative to positive had different results, the results are as follows, the mean was M=2. 72 and the standard deviation SD=0. 83 Discussion The hypothesis at the start stated the group which was given the positive negative traits would develop a better and more positive impression, then the group who received the traits in the order of negative positive. This has proven to be the crusade as the higher the mean number, the more positive the impression formed and noted by the participants, through answering the questions of the online questionnaire.The results which sign the hypothesis support the possibility of the primacy effect, which is consistent with and supports Aschs (1946) previous work. However just looking at the results of the experiment without no averages or means, a couple of scores stood out, where participants in the positive to negative group formed an impression of the hypothetical person, which didnt support the hypothesis, there was also scores from the negative posi tive group which didnt support the hypothesis, which means recency effect was something that also took place in this experiment.Future research could include the same experimental design, however, it might be better if the research produced more qualitative info, this could be accomplished, by simply changing the online questionnaire into an interview, where the thought of the impressions formed can be noted, this may help can a better boilers suit understanding, and would be a lot more useful than some of the statistics presented.References E. Bruce Goldstein, (2005). Cognitive Psychology connecting mind, research and everyday experience. Perception 55- 75 Langdridge, D. , & Hagger-Johnson, G. (2009). Introduction to research methods and data analysis in psychology (2nd edition). Harlow, Essex Pearson Education Limited.

Henry VIII and his marriage to Catherine of Aragon in 1529 Essay

Explain why atomic number 1 VIII wanted to end his marriage to Catherine of Aragon in 1529.It could be argued that total heat VIII wanted a divorce from Catherine in favour of a younger, more intelligent Anne. Henrys extensive letter writing to Anne despite his hatred for writing backs this up. This isHenrys divorce from Anne can be summed up in three main arguments. Firstly, Henrys infatuation with Anne Boleyn, an intelligent and charming young woman. It is unmixed of Henrys deep love for Anne, by means of his multitude of love letters written to her, despite his hatred for writing.However, it can also be argued that Anne was merely catalyst for a revolution already in the process. It is believed that Henry had already stopped dormancy with Catherine before he began to court Anne. This is evidence of Henrys growing despair as to the chance of a male heir by Catherine. Furthermore, its believed that Henry had already began the process of seeking an abrogation before hed fallen in love with Anne, again showing Anne to be a mere catalyst.After Henry ceased to sleep with Catherine, he began searching for further ways of securing the future of his dynasty. He knew from the reign of his father that the lack of a clear successor caused civil unrest there were some people vying for control of the crown. It is clear that Henry was desperate to prevent this, therefore in his desperation he went to great lengths to set his illegitimate give-and-take, Henry Fitzroy, as his heir. He was granted the title Duke of Richmond a great honour. Henrys lack of an heir was obviously a large reason for his divorce, and with Catherines age putting to rest the question of further children Henry grew distressed, his second choice for dynastic security was his only trueborn child, Mary. However, with Marys legitimacy questioned by the French it was doubtful she could be acknowledged as the rightful heir.Nonetheless, it could be argued that Henrys frantic search for an heir was fu tile due to the initiation of Henry Fitzroy, having already been made Duke by Henry. However, Henry was attuned to the fact he required a legitimate heir and a baseborn bastard son would not be recognised in the eyes of the nobility.The final argument for Henrys divorce is his conscience. Linking back to Henrys need for a legitimate heir he began to feel doubts as to Marys legitimacy was King Francis right? This formed the base of his argument for annulment, Leviticus 2021 states, If a man shall take his brothers wife they shall be without children. This discounted Mary as successor to the throne she was the offspring of an unclean marriage. Henry really believed in the voracity of Leviticus, shown by his patience shown towards the hope in granting his annulment he waited 5 years to no avail without attempting any other, non-Catholic methods of ending his marriage. notwithstanding the importance of a legitimate male heir, the evidence points to the fact that Henry was driven by his conscience, Anne was merely the catalyst for his divorce, as he had stopped sleeping with Catherine before he was in love with Anne, she merely caused him to look for more radical solutions.